Peeking Katydid

Katydid, any of numerous predominantly nocturnal insects related to crickets and grasshoppers and noted for their loud mating calls. Katydids have large hind legs and are distinguished by their extremely long, threadlike antennae and the thick, upwardly curved ovipositor (egg-laying structure) of the females. Often large and green, many katydids have long wings, but some common species are nearly wingless. Katydids are most abundant in the tropics—the Amazon rainforest is home to about 2,000 species—but katydids are also found in cooler and drier regions throughout the world; the United States is home to over 100 species. They live on trees, bushes, or grasses, often matching the appearance of their surroundings. Many species resemble leaves; leaf-katydids of the American tropics precisely mimic partially eaten or otherwise disfigured leaves. Owing to such adaptations and their lack of daytime activity, relatively little is known of this group of insects, despite their ubiquity, abundance, and variety.

The katydid derives its name from the male’s repetitive call, which has been phoneticized as “katydid, katy-didn’t.” One European term for katydid, “tizi,” also sounds similar to the insect’s call. Each species has its own rasping song, produced by stridulation; among katydids this consists of rubbing the forewings together, one of which is ridged. Both sexes hear using a structure called a tympanum, or tympanic organ, one of which is located on each foreleg.

Wing form and function varies widely among katydids. As a group these insects are poor flyers, despite wingspans of 20 cm (8 inches) among some tropical residents. Many species do not fly but only flutter their wings during leaps; the others expose brightly coloured hindwings as a form of defense. Eggs are laid within or upon various living or dead plant material, depending on the species. The young are similar to adults but have less-developed wings. Katydids feed chiefly on plant matter, though several also eat other insects.

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